Basics explained:

Our fuel treatments are designed to improve the way your car, van, truck or bike burns its fuel. The improved burn makes the engine smoother and more responsive as well as reducing pollutant emissions. This is achieved through two main mechanisms:

1. Improved injector (or jet) spray. The fuel is mixed into the air (the mix is called the charge) by injectors. These make a very fine spray of fuel. In a diesel the fuel is sprayed into the engine cylinder, in a petrol into the carburetor or 'plenum chamber'.
   It is best to have a very fine spray (atomized) so the flame can consume the droplets faster. If this does not happen the fuel does not completely burn and forms particles of ash or soot.
   These particles are very harmful to health and can cause cancers and agitate asthma and skin complaints.


2. The treatments also alter the balance of the reactions that make up the combustion of the fuel. A flame burning either petrol or diesel is made up of many chemical reactions between the gases in the air and the hydrogen and carbon in the fuel.
   The best reactions are those between the oxygen and the hydrogen and the oxygen and the carbon. However there is a large amount of nitrogen in the air and this can react with the oxygen at higher temperatures. By using the oxygen up with the carbon and hydrogen first, less nitrogen oxides are produced.

By burning more of the fuel and making less waste and by promoting the more attractive chemistry we produce less pollution and can go further per liter of fuel.
Remember, less fuel burned means less carbon dioxide produced.

Some added details:

Essentially the design of our fuel treatments is for the reduction of harmful pollutants and an improvement in the smoothness and responsiveness of the engine. There are two primary mechanisms to deliver this result:

1. Firstly Additone has a mild detergency. This cleans and then keeps clean components in the fuel line, especially the fuel injectors. Clean fuel injectors produce a predictable, consistent spray pattern or atomization. Secondly this detergency aids in creating a spray of consistently sized droplets of fuel, allowing the combustion to proceed more rapidly and smoothly through the charge within the combustion chamber. This releases more of the energy from the fuel and reduces the production of particulate.


2. Secondly the applied combustion chemistry employed improves the economics of the burn. The blended charge of air and fuel typically find a chemical balance in reacting that is not efficient. This causes the unsatisfactory levels of various pollutants we see in even an MOT approved vehicle. The treatments are designed to aid and control the reactions of the elements within the hydrocarbon fuel with the oxygen and other gases in the air. This controls the production of CO, CO2, NOx etc. Financially, this has a couple of effects, easier passing of emissions tests and a reduction in corrosion in the exhaust system.

By thus improving the efficacy of the combustion within the engine it is possible to draw comparatively more energy from each liter of fuel. This means it is possible to use less fuel for any journey or task than previously.

For the techy:

Our chief scientist has spent many decades researching flame chemistry and dynamics. This has resulted in the worlds first non-metallic combustion enhancer*. The technology is designed to influence the combustion in a number of ways:

1. The pure hydrocarbon treatment formulations have inherent detergency characteristics. These are used to provide a mild cleansing effect to maintain injector nozzles without impinging on their operational parameters. The solvents also provide a dispersancy effect that facilitates a consistently fine atomization of the fuel. The smaller droplets of fuel allow improved combustion.
   This reduces the production of particulate matter which is largely built on part burned fuel in the form of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Sixteen of these PAHs are known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic or otherwise toxic.


2. As combustion initiates the molecules in the air and fuel charge 'decompose' into elementary atoms. These then recombine and react to form new compounds. Many of these survive only fractions of milliseconds and re-react to form further, more complex compounds. Each of these reactions releases energy, energy that is used to propel the engine piston.
   The fuel treatments are formulated to modulate the reactions of the flame. The mechanism is the release of radicals to promote the production of hydrocarbon chains and thus reduce the production of the unwanted nitrogen oxides.

By burning the PAHs and combining the O2 with the hydrocarbon rather than atmospheric nitrogen more energy is used to drive the pistons. This rsults in a smoother more progressive and responsive engine characteristic. Also this gives greater mileage per liter of fuel and reduces pollutant emissions.

* Up to that point it was widely believed that a solid, metallic catalyst surface was needed to produce a combustion enhancer. However the metallic particles used can cause damage to engines and their ancillaries and are potentially harmful to any who may inhale them.